Turkestan (also spelled Turkistan or Türkistan in Turkish, which literally means "Land of the Turks" in Persian) is a region in Central Asia, which today is largely inhabited by Turkic peoples. It has been referenced in many Turkic and Persian sagas and is an integral part of Turan (though Turan dwarfs Turkestan in area). Oghuz Turks (also known as Turkmens), Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Khazars, Kyrgyz and Uygurs are some of the Turkic inhabitants of the region who, as history progressed, have spread further into Eurasia forming such Turkic nations as Turkey, Azerbaijan and Tatarstan. Tajiks and Russians form sizable non-Turkic minorities.
It is subdivided into Russian Turkestan and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (also known as East Turkestan or "Uyghuristan") in PR China. The Tian Shan and Pamir ranges form a rough division between the two. (...)
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